Diabetic Aids

Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults (LADA) is a genetically-linked, hereditary autoimmune disorder that results in the body mistaking the pancreas as foreign and responds by attacking and destroying the insulin-producing beta islet cells of the pancreas. more...

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Simply stated, autoimmune disorders, including LADA, are an \"allergy to self.\"

In its early stages LADA typically presents as type 2 diabetes and is often misdiagnosed as such. However, LADA more closely resembles juvenile (type 1) diabetes and shares common physiological characteristics of type 1 for metabolic dysfunction, genetics, and autoimmune features, but LADA does not affect children and is classified distinctly as being separate from juvenile diabetes.

Other Names For LADA

LADA may be diagnosed using any of the following terms:

latent autoimmune diabetes of adulthood; late-onset autoimmune diabetes of adulthood; slow onset type 1 diabetes, or; type 1.5 (type one-and-a-half) diabetes;

Diagnosing Latent Autoimmune Diabetes

It is estimated that 20% of persons diagnosed as having non-obesity related type 2 diabetes may actually have LADA. Islet cell, insulin, and GAD antibodies testing should be performed on all adults who are not obese that appear to present with type 2 diabetes.

Diagnosic tests include:

C-Peptide (also known as Insulin C-peptide, Connecting peptide)

This test measures residual beta cell function by determining the level of insulin secretion (C-peptide). Persons with LADA typically have low levels of C-peptide as the disease progresses. Patients with insulin resistance or type 2 diabetes are more likely to have high levels of C-peptide due to an over production of insulin.

Diabetes Mellitus Autoantibody Panel

Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase (GAD) Autoantibodies, Radioimmunoassay (RIA) and Insulin Antibodies, Radioimmunoassay, RIA.

Islet Cell Antibodies (ICA) tests

Islet Cell IgG Cytoplasmic Autoantibodies, IFA; Islet Cell Complement Fixing Autoantibodies, Indirect Fluorescent Antibody (IFA); Islet Cell Autoantibodies Evaluation; Islet Cell Complement Fixing Autoantibodies - Aids in a differential diagnosis between LADA and type 2 diabetes. Persons with LADA often test positive for ICA, whereas type 2 diabetics do not.

Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase (GAD) Antibodies tests

Microplate ELISA: Anti-GAD, Anti-IA2, Anti-GAD/IA2 Pool - In addition to being useful in making an early diagnosis for type 1 diabetes mellitus, GAD antibodies tests are used for differential diagnosis between LADA and type 2 diabetes and may also be used for differential diagnosis of gestational diabetes, risk prediction in immediate family members for type 1, as well as a tool to monitor prognosis of the clinical progression of type 1 diabetes.

Read more at Wikipedia.org